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Economic Inequality & Equitable Growth

The New York Fed conducts research to better understand what contributes to economic inequality in its many forms and convenes stakeholders to support equitable growth in the region and across the nation.

Watch to learn more about this initiative.

New York Fed

Research & Analysis

ECONOMIC RESEARCH

The EGIs: Analyzing the Economy Through an Equitable Growth Lens

JUL 7, 2023 | LSE Blog Series

Elevated Rent Expectations Continue to Pressure Low-Income Households

June 22, 2023 | LSE Blog Series

Do Veterans Face Disparities in Higher Education, Health, and Housing?

May 25, 2023 | LSE Blog Series

Do Veterans Face Disparities in the Labor Market—And What Accounts for Them?

May 25, 2023 | LSE Blog Series

NEW: Equitable Growth Indicators

The EGIs provide insight into disparities across four economic outcomes—inflation, real and nominal earnings, employment, and real and nominal consumer spending. The demographic and economic groups include race/ethnicity, age, veteran status, education and income. The geographic groups include urban/rural status, U.S. census regions, majority minority areas and low-income areas.

Economic Inequality: A Research Series

This ongoing Liberty Street Economics series analyzes disparities in economic and policy outcomes by race, gender, age, region, income, and other factors.

Inflation Disparities by Race and Income Narrow

January 18, 2023 | LSE Blog Series

Young, Less Educated Faced Higher Inflation in 2021—But Gaps Now Closed

January 18, 2023 | LSE Blog Series

Rural Households Hit Hardest by Inflation in 2021-22

January 18, 2023 | LSE Blog Series

Eviction Expectations in the Post-Pandemic Housing Market

October 4, 2022 | LSE Blog Series

See more research & Analysis

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

The State of Low-Income America: Credit Access and Debt Payment

The report examines debt holdings across income groups and finds that although the COVID pandemic has taken a heavier toll on lower-income Americans, most borrowers—including those in lower-income areas—have been managing their financial responsibilities and debt repayments.

Mar 1, 2022 | Community Development

Current Responses to Housing Insecurity: A Focus on Vulnerable Residential Renters and Landlords

The New York Fed and the University of Pennsylvania’s Housing Initiative at Penn released a white paper on the nation’s looming eviction crisis, highlighting city and state programs that are keeping families in their homes.

Sep 23, 2021 | Community Development

How Communities on the Front Lines of Climate Change Are Mobilizing

This post on climate solutions highlights ideas discussed at an event we hosted that featured activists and policymakers living in places including frequently flooded Hoboken, the rainwater-dependent Virgin Islands, and grid-challenged Puerto Rico.

Aug 4, 2021 | Community Development

See more research & Analysis

Events & Convenings

UPCOMING EVENT

The Economic Case for Community Health Workers

On Friday, June 23, 2023, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, in partnership with Oregon Health and Science University and Familias en Acción, presented a hybrid event on the role community health workers play in improving the health of the U.S. workforce.

JUN 23, 2023 | EVENT

RECENT EVENTS

Advancing Equitable Outcomes: A Roadmap for Investors

On Thursday, March 16, the New York Fed, along with CapEQ and PolicyLink, hosted a virtual event exploring how financial institutions can become more inclusive and discussed the forthcoming “Investor Blueprint for Racial and Economic Equity," a new framework for how investors can strengthen governance and culture, reevaluate risk, and address economic instability.

MAR 16, 2023 | EVENT

Reimagining Public Health for NYC: A Discussion on the Racial Wealth Gap and Health Equity

On Tuesday, February 28, 2023, the New York Fed, in partnership with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, hosted an in-person event on the racial wealth gap. Participants discussed the connection between health and wealth, how to better measure both, and how policy can help address racial wealth gaps.

FEB 28, 2023 | EVENT

An Economy That Works for All: Moving Toward Equitable Growth

The Federal Reserve Bank of New York hosted an event centered on achieving equitable growth. Panels focused on broadband access, small business funding, and natural disasters and resiliency, among other topics.

JAN 17, 2023 | EVENT

Affordable Housing for Seniors: Challenges and Opportunities for Service-Enriched Properties in the Second District

The New York Fed hosted an in-person event on the need for affordable housing that includes services for low- and moderate-income older adults in the Second District. The event brought together policymakers, financers, developers, and senior housing advocates to discuss both barriers and successful models.

OCT 26, 2022 | EVENT

Economic Inequality Policy Series: The Impacts of the 2021-2022 Rise in Inflation on Communities of Color

The New York Fed hosted a virtual forum on the disparate impacts of inflation on different racial and ethnic groups. The forum highlighted research on economic inequality. Community development and thought leaders also discussed insights related to price stability and racial equity.

OCT 18, 2022 | EVENT

The Role of FinTech in Unsecured Consumer Lending to Low- and Moderate-Income Individuals

The New York Fed hosted a virtual event on the role of financial technology (FinTech) companies in unsecured consumer lending to low- and moderate-income households, featuring FinTech lenders, researchers, regulators, and policymakers.

SEP 29, 2022 | EVENT

Exploring Baby Bonds as a Tool to Improve Economic Security

The New York Fed, in partnership with the Office of the State Treasurer for Connecticut and the Institute on Race, Power and Political Economy at The New School hosted an in-person event on the intersection of baby bonds with health, wealth, housing, and education.

SEP 27, 2022 | EVENT

Debt: When it Helps, When it Hurts, What it Could Do to Build Household Wealth

This event showcased research and innovative solutions on household debt and featured select authors of "The Future of Building Wealth" book of essays.

JUN 9, 2022 | Event

SEE MORE EVENTS & CONVENINGS

Other Resources

The Board & Reserve Banks

Conversations on Equity: Philanthropy's Role in Pursuing Economic Equity

May 10, 2022 | St. Louis Fed

Investing in Rural Prosperity: Major Rural Community Trends

April 25, 2022 | Kansas City Fed

Small Towns, Big Cities, Shared Inflation

April 12, 2022 | Richmond Fed

Economic Mobility Project: What Is Inclusive Full Employment?

April 7,2022| Fed Communities

Who Benefited from Expanded Paid Sick Leave Policies for Service Workers? And Who Didn’t?

April 5, 2022 | Boston Fed

Child Care Is Everyone's Business: Why Delaware Businesses Should Care About Early Childhood Education

April 5, 2022 | Philadelphia Fed

Unequal Inflation Impacts

April 5, 2022 | Minneapolis Fed

Government Programs and Their Effects on Welfare and Employment: A Conference Recap

April 1, 2022 | Richmond Fed

Good if You Can Get It: Benefits and Inequalities in the Expansion of Paid Sick Leave During COVID-19

April 1, 2022 | Boston Fed

Investing in Rural America Conference

March 30, 2022 | Richmond Fed

Unequal Inflation: Why Rising Prices Are Not the Same for Everyone

March 28, 2022 | Fed Communities

Greater Hispanic Outreach Can Improve Take-Up of Earned Income Tax Credit

March 21, 2022 | Dallas Fed

How Do Homeowner Experiences Vary by Race and Ethnicity? Neighborhood Differences between Hispanic and White Homebuyers

March 15, 2022 | San Francisco Fed

Home Mortgage Refinancing Disparities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights for Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania

March 1, 2022 | Philadelphia Fed

Women of Color and Women with Children Disproportionately Left the Labor Force during the COVID-19 Pandemic

February 28, 2022 | Minneapolis Fed

Pandemic Mortgage Relief Headed Off Delinquencies, but What Happens Now?

February 25, 2022 | Dallas Fed

‘They’re in Deep Hiding’: Pandemic Hinders Efforts to Reengage Texas’ Disconnected Youth

February 23, 2022 | Dallas Fed

"Affordability Has Been Declining": A Discussion of Housing Affordability

January 13, 2022 | Atlanta Fed

Introducing a Federal Reserve Series on Early Care and Education: Cost, Affordability, and Racial Equity

January 5, 2022 | St. Louis Fed

The Voices of Early Care and Education: A Qualitative Perspective on Providing and Accessing High-Quality Early Care and Education

January 1, 2022 | Philadelphia Fed

A Moment of Opportunity: The COVID-Era Job Market for Noncollege Workers

January 1, 2022 | Philadelphia Fed

SEE MORE BOARD & RESERVE BANK RESOURCES

External Resources

Assessing Meaningful Community Engagement: A Conceptual Model to Advance Health Equity through Transformed Systems for Health

Feb 14, 2022 | National Academy of Medicine

A Brighter Future With Baby Bonds: How States and Cities Should Invest in Our Kids

Jan 1, 2022 | Prosperity Now

How Have Renters Responded to Financial Stress in the Pandemic?

Nov 2, 2021 | Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University

A Roadmap to Developing Inclusive Regional Economic Indicators

Oct 14, 2021 | Brookings

The Future of Building Wealth: Brief Essays on the Best Ideas to Build Wealth—for Everyone

Sep 30, 2021 | Aspen Institute

Working Less to Provide More Care: How the Pandemic Has Affected Families with Young Children

Sep 15, 2021 | The Urban Institute

What Does ‘Gentrification’ Really Mean?

August 17, 2021 | Shelterforce

The Gap: Rental Housing Supply for Our Most Vulnerable Families

April 4, 2021 | National Low Income Housing Coalition (NLIHC)

Misdirected Housing Supports: Why the Mortgage Interest Deduction Unjustly Subsidizes High-Income Households and Expands Racial Disparities

May 2021 | NLIHC and IERE

Growing Up and Out of Poverty Industry Report

2021 | The NHP Foundation & Enterprise

Forum Global Gap Report 2021

March 2021 | World Economic Forum

Nearly 350 Million Children Lack Quality Childcare in the World

March 4, 2021 | World Bank

Time to Pivot: The Role of the Energy Transition and Investors in Forging Resilient Resource-Rich Country Outcomes

January 15, 2021 | Brookings

To Make the Child Care System More Equitable, Expand Options for Parents Working Nontraditional Hours

January 14, 2021 | The Urban Institute

The Looming Eviction Cliff

January 6, 2021 | The Urban Institute

A CRA to Meet the Challenge of Climate Change

December 17, 2020 | Center for American Progress

Why Has Covid-19 Been Especially Harmful for Working Women?

OCTOBER 2020 | Brookings

Redlining and Neighborhood Health

OCTOBER 2020 | National Community Reinvestment Coalition

Effects of COVID-19 Show Us Equal Pay is Critical for Mothers

MAY 2020 | Women's National Law Center

Paid Medical Leave Research: What We Know and What We Need to Know to Improve Health and Economic Well-Being in the United States

Apr 30, 2020 | Washington Center For Equitable Growth

The Unequal Impact of the Covid-19 Crisis on Households’ Financial Stability

APR 2020 | Prosperity Now Scorecard

Class and COVID: How the Less Affluent Face Double Risks

Mar 27, 2020 | Brookings

Housing Policy Must Change in Wake of COVID-19

March 24, 2020 | Shelterforce

Opportunity Atlas

A collaboration between researchers at the Census Bureau, Harvard University, and Brown University

SEE MORE EXTERNAL RESOURCES

About Economic Inequality & Equitable Growth

Through this initiative, the New York Fed conducts research to better understand what contributes to economic inequality in its many forms. With a better understanding of the problem, we look to convene key stakeholders to discuss best practices and new strategies to support equitable growth in the region and the nation.

Chairman Powell's Recent Remarks on Inequality

Disclaimer

Except where expressly indicated, none of these materials necessarily represent the views of the New York Fed or any other part of the Federal Reserve System.

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